Voice এর সংজ্ঞা ও প্রকার

 

Voice (বাচ্য)

সংজ্ঞাঃ Voice শব্দের অর্থ বাচ্য। ক্রিয়া প্রকাশের ভাবধারা বা ভঙ্গিমাকে Voice বা বাচ্য বলে। 

প্রকারভেদঃ  Voice সাধারণত ২ প্রকার।

• Active Voice (কর্তৃবাচ্য)
• Passive Voice (কর্মবাচ্য)

Active Voice

কোনো Sentence এ যদি Subject সক্রিয় থাকে তখন তাকে Active Voice বলে। যেমনঃ I eat rice.

Passive Voice

কোন Sentence এ যদি Subject কে দিয়ে কাজ করানো হয় তখন তাকে Passive voice বলে। যেমনঃ Rice is eaten by me. 

Voice Change (বাচ্য পরিবর্তন)

[Note: Active voice থেকে Passive voice Change এর ক্ষেত্রে Object টি subject এর স্থানে বসে এবং Subject টি Object এর স্থানে বসে, সকল ক্ষেত্রেই মূল verb এর past participle form হয় এবং নিয়মের by বসে।]

Tense ভিত্তিক Voice Change:

Present Indefinite Tense

Structure: Object এর subjective form+am/is/are+Verb এর past participle form (v3)+by+Subject এর objective form.

Example: 

Active Voice	Passive Voice
I write a letter.	A letter is written by me.
Rakib plays football.	Football is played by Rakib.
He draws a picture	A picture is drawn by him.
They help us.	We are helped by them.
He helps me.	I am helped by him.
You drive a car.	A car is driven by you.
She likes me.	I am liked by her.

Present Continuous Tense

Structure: Object এর subjective form+am/is/are+being+verb এর past participle form (v3)+ by+ subject এর objective form.

Example:

Active Voice	Passive Voice
I am writing a letter.	A letter is being written by me.
Rakib is playing football.	Football is being played by Rakib.
He is drawing a picture	A picture is  being drawn by him.
They are helping us.	We are being helped by them.
He is helping me.	I am being helped by him.
You are driving a car.	A car is being driven by you.
She is asking me a question.	I am being asked a question by her.

Present Perfect Tense

Structure: Object এর subjective form+have been/has been+verb এর past participle (v3)+by+subject এর objective form.

Example:

Active Voice	Passive Voice
I have written a letter.	A letter has been written by me.
Rakib has played football.	Football has been played by Rakib.
He has drawn a picture	A picture has been drawn by him.
They have helped us.	We have been helped by them.
He has helped me.	I have been helped by him.
You have driven a car.	A car has been driven by you.
She has liked me.	I have been liked by her.

[Note: Voice changing সাধারণত সকল Tense এর Indefinite, Continuous এবং Perfect এর ক্ষেত্রে হয়। Perfect Continuous এর ক্ষেত্রে Voice পরিবর্তন হয় না]

এক নজরে Present Tense structure

Tense	Structure
Present Indefinite	Object এর subjective form+am/is/are+v3+by+subject এরobjective form.
Present Continuous	Objectএরsubjective form+am/is/are+being+v3+by+subject এরobjective form.
Present Perfect	Objectএরsubjective form+have been/has been+v3+by+subject এরobjective form.

Practice more and more. Comment below if you still have any question.